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Dan A. Baron Best Lawyer

The Importance of an Elder Law Attorney

Cleveland, Ohio estate planning attorney, Daniel A. Baron, offers information on the importance of having an Elder Law Attorney to help plan for your future: Elder law attorneys are sometimes considered “authorities” as, although they can handle a wide range of other legal issues, they primarily focus on the needs of older adults and also […]

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Long Term Care – Paying for the Nursing Home

Cleveland, Ohio estate planning attorney, Daniel A. Baron, offers the following information on the paying for Long Term Care and incorporating it into your Estate Planning:

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There are misconceptions regarding Long Term Care and who is responsible for paying for any care. This information may be used for informational purposes only.  For more information, or to speak with an experienced Medicaid planning attorney, contact Dan Baron at Baron Law.

Medicare:

In Ohio, Medicare only pays for Long Term Care IF you require rehabilitative care or skilled services. Skilled services are:

    • If you are in a nursing home, the maximum number of days Medicare pays for is 100; however the average covered stay is much shorter at 22 days
    • If you are able to stay at your own home, Medicare pays for skilled home health care or other skilled in-home services but only for a short period of time
    • Medicare does not pay for any non-skilled assistance for your ADL’s (Activities of Daily Living) which tend to make up the majority of in home Long Term Care.
    • You are solely responsible for paying for Long Term Care services provided to you that would not be covered by any other public or private insurance programs. For additional information regarding Medicare, please visit https://www.medicare.gov/

 

Medicaid:

  • Pays for the largest portion of Long Term Care services, provided your income meets the states minimum eligibility requirements.
  • Medicaid will cover your costs depending on how much assistance you need with Activities of Daily Living.
  • There are numerous considerations when considering Medicaid and it’s important to talk with a Medicaid planning attorney.  To learn more about some considerations, visit this Medicaid Considerations Article.
  • There are other federal programs available for specific populations and circumstances that may pay for Long Term Care
    • Older Americans Act
    • Department of Veterans Affairs

Private Health Insurance

  • Employer sponsored or private health insurance, cover the same kinds of limited services as Medicare
  • If your carrier does cover Long Term Care, typically it will only be for skilled care but only short term

Other Private Payment Options can include

For more information on reviewing your goals for Long Term Care as part of your Estate Planning, contact Daniel A. Baron of Baron Law at 216-573-3723.

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When Should You Start Planning For Long Term Care?

Cleveland, Ohio estate planning attorney, Daniel A. Baron, offers information on when you should start planning for Long Term Care and including this as part of your Estate Planning:

 

When should you start planning for Long Term Care? If you are under 50, the answer is – “there is no time like the present”.  Approximately 70% of today’s population will need some sort of Long Term Care sometime within their lifetime.

What you should know about planning for the future

When in later years and you are in need of skilled services or should you require rehabilitation services, Medicare pays for this type of long term care. Unfortunately, Medicare does not pay for any non-skilled assistance with your ADL’s (Activities of Daily Life) or IADL’s (Instrumental Activities of Daily Living) which tend to make up the majority of Long Term Care.

You should start thinking now about how you are going to pay for Long Term Care as it is much more expensive than you might think.

There are a number of ways you can use to pay for your long term care. Being 50 of under, this may be the best time in your life financially to start planning for long term care, rather than after you have had a serious illness or become disabled.

You may also consider securing an Advance Directive which informs your family and other loved ones how you would like your medical matters handles, should you become incapacitated and are no longer able to communicate your wishes of your medical care.

For more information on reviewing your goals for Long Term Care as part of your Estate Planning, contact Daniel A. Baron of Baron Law today at 216-573-3723.

AN AB Trust – What are the benefits for your estate?

Cleveland, Ohio estate planning attorney, Daniel A. Baron, offers information on an AB Trust and the benefits realized from including this as part of your Tax and Estate Planning:

For Tax and Estate Planning purposes, as a married couple, maximize the use of your Federal Estate Tax Exemptions through the utilization of an AB Trust.

There are two vehicles available in which to set up an AB Trust

  • Living Will and Last Testament
  • Revocable Living Trust

The “A Trust” also referred to as the

  • Marital Trust
  • Marital Deduction Trust
  • QTip Trust

The “B Trust” is also known as the

  • Family Trust
  • Bypass Trust
  • Credit Shelter Trust

In 2011, the Federal Estate Tax Exemption   was made transferrable between married couples.  Should one pass away in 2011 or after, their entire Federal Estate Tax Exemption is not needed to avoid Estate Taxes.

If you are on your second, third, or additional marriage and have different beneficiaries, it is in your best interest to explore the benefits of the AB Trust.

The AB Trust can only function if you secure them while both spouses are alive. Don’t put off securing this beneficial part of your estate and tax planning as once you become a widow or widower, it is too late.

Below is an example of how the AB Trust works to your benefit:

For more information on setting up an AB Trust as part of your Estate and Tax Planning, contact Daniel A. Baron of Baron Law to maximize your Federal Estate Tax savings upon your passing. Contact us today at 216-573-3723.

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I Recently moved to Ohio from another State? Do I Need To Update My Power of Attorney?

Cleveland, Ohio estate planning attorney, Daniel A. Baron, offers the following helpful answers to Powers of Attorney:

What If I have a Power of Attorney From another state?

Most Powers of Attorney signed in other states will be recognized in the other states. A Power of Attorney used to convey title to real estate, typically must be signed, dated, witnessed by two people, and “acknowledged” or notarized by a notary public or court official.  The state laws will govern who is authorized to take “acknowledgments”.  The practical question is not whether the Power of Attorney is valid, but whether a financial institution will honor it.  Also, if the document refers to statutes from another state, you may have to provide a copy of those statutes.

The law may vary in the state where you signed your Power of Attorney versus the state in which you now reside. Even if the document lists the same or similar powers, the meanings may be different  in the two states.  Also, many states have different statutory protections for people signing a Power of Attorney.

Suffice it to say, it may be in your best interest, if practicable, that you have new Powers of Attorney executed.

 

Do I need to get a new Power of Attorney if I move to a different state?

When moving to a different state, you should always consult a local attorney to see whether your Power of Attorney will be as you intended.

In some states, a Power of Attorney is not “durable” unless it is “recorded”. Recorded means filed with local government.  In addition, there may be special rules about how it is revoked.  It would behoove you to check with a local attorney.

Again, it may be in your best interest, if practicable, that you have new Powers of Attorney executed.

 

A Power of Attorney is only one of the many parts to a comprehensive estate plan. For information regarding living wills, trusts, power of attorney, or a pour-over will, or further questions on Powers of Attorney, contact Daniel A. Baron of Baron Law to arrange a meeting at 216-573-3723.

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Incorporating Long Term Care to Avoid Accidents and Falling

Cleveland, Ohio estate planning and elder law attorney, Daniel A. Baron, offers the following information on Long Term Care and incorporating it into your Estate Planning:

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If you are over aged 65, a fall could leave you incapacitated or worse, it could be fatal. Having a Non-fatal fall could leave you unable to care for yourself for either a short period of time or a long period of time.  Should this happen, who is going to pay for your Long Term Care?

One in every three Americans falls each year. Falls for the elderly are the leading cause of non-fatal and fatal injuries for those aged 65 or older.

If you happen to fall you run the risk of:

  • Head Injuries
  • Broken Bones
  • Hip fractures
  • Significant loss of independence

If you should take a fall and you are over the age of 75 the chances of you being admitted to a skilled nursing facility are four times greater.

Even if you should fall and do not sustain a major injury, you become fearful of falling again and thus becoming less active. With this said, there are steps you can take to reduce your risk of falling.

Information Source – National Council on Aging

Six steps to Reduce Your Risk of Falling

In order to help your aging loved one, friend, or neighbor follow these steps to reduce their risk of falling.

Enlist their support in taking simple steps to stay safe. For example:

  • Ask your aging loved one, friend, or neighbor if they have a concern about falling.
  • Although many older adults recognize the risk of falling exists, they do not believe it will happen to them, or if they fall they will not be hurt – even if they have fallen in the past.
  • A good place to start is by sharing NCOA’s “Debunking The Myths of Older Adult Falls”. If they show a concern about falling, dizziness, or balance suggest they discuss it with their Health Care provider who can assess their risk and suggest programs or services that could help

Discuss current health conditions

  • Ask your aging loved one, friend, or neighbor if they are experiencing problems managing their own health
  • Ask whether or not they are having trouble remembering to take their medications, or are they experiencing any side effects
  • Ask if it is getting more difficult for them to do things they used to do easily
  • Ask if they are taking advantage of ALL the preventative benefits now offered under Medicare such as the Annual Wellness visit. Encourage them to speak openly with their health care provider about ALL their concerns

Ask about their last eye checkup

  • If your aging loved one, friend, or neighbor wears glasses or contact lenses, make sure that their prescription is current and they are using their glasses or contact lenses as advised by their eye doctor
  • Keep in mind that wearing tint changes glasses or contact lenses can be hazardous when going from bright sun into darkened buildings and homes. A simple strategy is to change glasses upon the entry into a building OR stop until the tint has changed
  • Bifocals can also be problematic on stairs, so it is VERY important to be extra cautious on the stairs. For those already struggling with low vision, consult with a low-vision specialist for ways to make the most of their eyesight.

If you are noticing your aging loved one, friend, or neighbor is holding onto the walls, furniture or someone else while walking or if they have difficulty arising from a chair:

  • These are signs that it might be time to see a physical therapist
  • A trained physical therapist can help your loved one improve their balance, strength, and gait through exercise
  • They may also suggest that your loved one use a cane or walker. The physical therapist will also offer guidance on how to use these aids.  Make sure you heed their advice
  • Poorly fit aids can actually increase your risk of falling, so make sure that all aids are fitted correctly

Talk about their medications

  • If your aging loved one, friend, or neighbor is having difficulties managing their own medications or they are experience side effects, encourage them to discuss their concerns with their doctor or pharmacist
  • Suggest they review their medications each time they get a new prescription
  • Your loved one may find it useful to use a chart of some sort to keep track of their medications and their scheduling. Adding a time medication dispenser that can be refilled every week or month by a family member, friend or neighbor can promote peace of mind and ensure that medication is being taken as prescribed
  • Be aware if your aging loved one, friend, or neighbor is taking non-prescription medication that may contain sleep aids – including painkillers with “PM” in their names. These can contribute to balance issues and dizziness.  If your aging loved one is having sleeping difficulties encourage them to speak with their health care professional for different alternatives

Do a walk-through safety assessment of their home

There are many simple and inexpensive ways to make a home safer. For Professional Assistance, contact an Occupational Therapist.  Some examples for making your loved ones home safer:

  • Lighting: Increase lighting throughout the house especially at the top and bottom of stairs.  Ensure that lighting is readily available when they are getting up in the middle of the night
  • Stairs:  Make sure there are two secure railings on both sides of the staircase
  • Bathrooms:  Install Grab bars in the tub/shower area and near the toilet.  Make sure that grabs bars are installed in places where your loved one will be able to use them as intended.  Consider installing an ADA toilet which has a higher seat then standard toilets.  Perhaps having a shower chair would help as well as installing a hand held shower.

For more information on reviewing your goals for Long Term Care as part of your Estate Planning, contact Daniel A. Baron of Baron Law at 216-573-3723.

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The Marital Deduction – What are the benefits?

Cleveland, Ohio estate planning attorney, Daniel A. Baron, offers information on The Marital Deduction as well as other Tax Planning Advice and what to make part of your Estate Planning.

What are the benefits?

The most important deduction a married couple has is the The Marital Deduction.  The amount of assets which can be passed upon death from one spouse to the other is unlimited and is also used to defer ALL estate taxes until the surviving spouse passes.  Current tax laws allow one spouse to give the other spouse assets where there is little to no tax imposed upon the transfer of these assets.  No matter what the value of the assets which are being transferred, whether it is $50,000 or $50,000,000.

What if there is a divorce?

If you happen to be divorced from your spouse, you can still pass assets to the ex-spouse after you pass with little or no tax being imposed if it is stated in the divorce decree.

My spouse is not a U.S. Citizen – Do the same tax laws apply?

The Marital Deduction is unlimited as long as both spouses are U.S. Citizens. So what happens when one of the spouses is not a US Citizen?

Should the first spouse to pass away be a U.S. Citizen and the surviving spouse a noncitizen of the U.S., unfortunately the unlimited marital deduction for Federal Estate Taxes is not available.

However, the taxes can be deferred by setting up a Qualified Domestic Trust (AKA QDOT), and having the assets pass through this specialized trust.

Should you own real property, consider adding this to the trust as the taxes will be deferred until the noncitizen spouse passes away.

For more information on The Marital Deduction and implementing other tax savings ideas as part of your Estate and Tax Planning, contact Daniel A. Baron of Baron Law to maximize tax savings upon your passing.  Contact us today at 216-573-3723.

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QDOT – What is it and should I have one?

Cleveland, Ohio estate planning attorney, Daniel A. Baron, offers information on a Qualified Domestic Trust and the benefits realized from including this as part of your Tax and Estate Planning:

 

 

The specific goal of a Qualified Domestic Trust (or QDOT) is to defer Federal Estate Tax on assets which are transferred from a spouse who is a US Citizen upon their death to the other spouse who is not a citizen of the US. If your marriage consists of both a US Citizen and a non US Citizen and your assets are minimally several million which the non US Citizen spouse has the possibility of inheriting,  it would be wise for you to secure a Qualified Domestic Trust.

What are some of the tax issues for spouses who are not US Citizens?

In the absence of Qualified Domestic Trust the non-citizen spouse now has to pay Federal Estate Tax on any assets transferred from the US Citizen spouse into the non-citizen spouse’s name, just as any other party who inherits assets from any other person when they pass.

 

What happens when no Qualified Domestic Trust exists and the spouse who is the

US Citizen passes away first?

If the surviving spouse is a non-citizen of the US, then as stated previously, Federal Estate Taxes will need to be paid on any assets which transfer to the surviving spouse. The surviving spouse would not have the unlimited Marital Deduction as it is should both spouses be US Citizens.  Paying the Federal Estate Taxes is the government’s way of collecting taxes so that the non-citizen spouse does not take all the assets back to their native country and avoid paying the necessary taxes.

There are two avenues which could be taken to avoid paying any inheritance tax:

  • Become a US Citizen
  • Set up a Qualified Domestic Trust

There are a number of requirements however set forth for set up a Qualified Domestic Trust after the spouse who is a US Citizen passes away, but it can be done. If your family situation is such that one spouse is a US Citizen and the other is not and has no intention of becoming one, it would be most advantageous for you to contact an Estate Planning Attorney to set up a Qualified Domestic Trust while you are both still living and of sound mind.

For more information on setting up a Qualified Domestic Trust as part of your Estate and Tax Planning, contact Daniel A. Baron of Baron Law to maximize your Federal Estate Tax savings upon your passing at 216-573-3723.

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What is a Trust Protector?

Cleveland, Ohio estate planning attorney, Daniel A. Baron, offers information on a Trust Protector and their Role and benefits realized as part of your Comprehensive Estate Plan:

Who is a Trust Protector?

As it sounds, a Trust Protector is appointed to oversee the assets in the trust and to protect against the trustees so that they do not give into temptation and embezzle from the trust or squander the assets of the trust with unnecessary fees or legal issues.

Having a Trust Protector typically was only used with the upper echelons of society but some may say that if there is a trust, there should be a Trust Protector.   It is wise to appoint a Trust Protector especially in cases that the trust will be a long term trust such as:

  • Trust for your spouse so that they will live a certain lifestyle after you pass
  • Your children, grandchildren, or other heirs, that need to reach a goal in life prior to releasing the funds of the trust
  • Charitable goals – what is your legacy

Upon setting up a trust and should the trust have more than one trustee, there is a possibility of issues coming up which are believed to not be in the best interest of the trust. Having a Trust Protector can potentially quash any conflicts which may arise.  In addition, a Trust Protector can be very beneficial in other instances where conflict may arise.

Can I appoint anyone to be my Trust Protector?

You can appoint anyone you would like to protect your trust. Some ideas may be:

  • Someone who is close to your family
  • A Certified Public Accountant (CPA)
  • An attorney
  • Corporate Entity or Bank
  • Financial Planner CFP

What are the duties of a Trust Protector and Why would I need one?

Additional duties of a Trust Protector are, but not limited to:

  • If the trustee or trustees are performing in such a manner that is not advantageous to the beneficiaries of the trust OR are being unresponsive, the Trust Protector has the authority to remove the trustee and replace them if necessary.
  • Should any disputes or conflicts arise between the trustees, the Trust Protector’s Role is to resolve the disputes.
  • If there is a change of status with any of the beneficiaries, it would be the Trust Protector’s responsibility to update the trust accordingly.
  • Should there be any new beneficiaries which needed to be added, the Trust Protector would make the necessary changes to the Trust.
  • The Trust Protector also has VETO power of any financial / investment decisions which may not be in the best interest of the trust and it’s beneficiaries.
  • If the laws governing trusts change, the Trust Protector has the ability to amend the trust if the changes are advantageous to the trust.
  • The Trust Protector can manage the amount of money the trustees can spend by setting a dollar amount and/or requiring two signatures on a check before it can be released. The dollar amount will be predetermined upon the penning of the trust so that all the trustees and the Trust Protector are aware of this stipulation.
  • The Trust Protector has the ability to dissolve the trust for specific reasons such as;

 

  • There are no more funds in the trust as they have been released to the heirs as set forth in the trust and will

 

  • The goals of the heirs have been met and all the funds are released therefore leaving no assets in the trust

It is wise to put in writing what role you would like the Trust Protector to have handling your assets. To start a discussion  on your personalized comprehensive estate plan, including; living wills, trusts, power of attorney, or a pour-over will, or further questions on a Trust Protector, contact Daniel A. Baron of Baron Law.  Baron Law provides estate planning services for the greater Cleveland, Ohio area.  Contact us today at 216-573-3723.

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What Recourse Do I Have if My Power of Attorney is Stealing From Me?

Cleveland, Ohio estate planning attorney, Daniel A. Baron, offers the following helpful answers to Powers of Attorney:

Can the Power of Attorney be used by the agent to take my money or property without my permission?

Unfortunately, you can run the risk that the agent you choose to give your Power of Attorney could abuse the power by spending your money or taking your money without your knowledge or worse without your permission. Because the agent can use the Power of Attorney to access your bank account and sell your property, it is prudent  that you not give your Power of Attorney to anyone you do not trust.  If you happen to have an unscrupulous agent, it can be very challenging to get back funds or property taken by the agent, because the agent usually has no money left to return as they have used it all for their benefit.  The person acting as your Power of Attorney has the power to sell your property, or mortgage it.  It cannot be stressed enough that you chose your Power of Attorney very wisely.

 

If I think someone is using my Power of Attorney to steal from me, what can I do?

If you are suspicious that your agent is abusing their powers, revoke the Power of Attorney immediately.

Next, without delay, notify all banks, brokerage firms, or other financial institutions in which you have money that you have revoked the Power of Attorney.

Finally, go to the probate court. You may either by yourself or through an attorney.  Demand that the agent you suspect of absconding with your funds file a detailed account showing how your money was spent. A filing fee will need to be paid by you and you may need to possibly pay the agent for the cost of preparing the accounting documentation. Next, the court will hold a hearing at which time you can challenge the any or all of the information given in the detailed accounting. Ultimately, if the court finds the agent took your money without your authorization, you can sue the agent and/or possibly press criminal charges.

 

Can I revoke my Power of Attorney?

The Power of Attorney cannot be used unless the agent has it or it, or at least a copy and either you or they have given to banks, financial institutions, or others so that they think you want the agent to act on your behalf. If you have not given the Power of Attorney to anyone, you can revoke it by destroying the document.

If the eventuality the Power of Attorney has been given to the agent, an institution, or has already been recorded, you should execute immediately a revocation of the Power of Attorney that is witnessed and acknowledged in the same manner as the first Power of Attorney. Then; just as you distributed the Power of Attorney initially, you will need to furnish a copy of the Revocation to the banks, brokerage firm, or any other financial institution, and anyone else that may have a copy of the original Power of Attorney form that they know the Power of Attorney is no longer valid.

A Power of Attorney is only one of the many parts to a comprehensive estate plan. For information regarding living wills, trusts, power of attorney, or a pour-over will, or further questions on Powers of Attorney, contact Daniel A. Baron of Baron Law today at 216-573-3723.